Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. The commonality of deviant careers and career deviance is short-lived views on deviance.
2. It does not take much to initiate deviance.
3. Low-level entry of drug dealers and smugglers is when conventional businesses are used to launder drug money through.
4. Individual and peer factors, school, and family are among risk factors of deviant onset.
5. Researchers of career deviance and deviant careers are concerned with why people begin to engage in deviance and why deviance persists.


1. False
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. True

Criminal Justice

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________ takes place when the juvenile offender reports to the police department to account for his or her actions during the week

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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Most of the research on elderly abuse and their alleged perpetrators contains detailed information on race and ethnic background data on elder abuse victims

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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What role do criminal subcultures play in Braithwaite’s theory of shaming?

a. they make the offender an outcast b. they engage in stigmatizing shaming more than reintegrative shaming c. they provide systematic social support for crime d. they reintegrate the offender into mainstream society

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Which of the following statements is false?

a. The more often children are exposed to violence within their residential community, the more likely they are to become violent themselves. b. Inappropriate and disrupted social relations have been linked to crime. c. Political unrest and economic stress have been found to precede sharp increases in crime rates. d. Stabilization of traditional social institutions typically precedes crime rate increases.

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