Briefly describe the procedure for open-heart surgery. In your description, explain how the blocked arteries are bypassed, where the bypass veins come from, and the extent of the surgery, i.e., minor, moderate, major, etc
Open-heart surgery is a major surgical procedure involving thoracic and vascular surgeons. The thoracic cavity has to be opened while vascular surgeons are removing segments of the saphenous vein removed from the legs or the internal mammary artery. The veins are used to bypass the obstructing lesions of the coronary arteries. This is a major procedure, but now routinely done.
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A nurse assesses clients at a community health fair. Which client is at greatest risk for the development of hepatitis B?
a. A 20-year-old college student who has had several sexual partners b. A 46-year-old woman who takes acetaminophen daily for headaches c. A 63-year-old businessman who travels frequently across the country d. An 82-year-old woman who recently ate raw shellfish for dinner
An awake, alert 4-year-old child has just arrived at the emergency department after an ingestion of aspirin at home. The practitioner has ordered activated charcoal. The nurse administers charcoal in which manner?
a. Giving half of the solution and then repeating the other half in 1 hour b. Mixing with a flavorful beverage in an opaque container with a straw c. Serving it in a clear plastic cup so the child can see how much has been drunk d. Administering it through a nasogastric tube because the child will not drink it because of the taste
A nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. The patient states that her pain is a 3 on a scale from 1 to 10. What nonpharmacological interventions can the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)
1. Encourage massage 2. Encourage relaxation techniques 3. Discourage any position changes 4. Provide diversion activities 5. Immolilize the extremity
What condition is indicated when a patient with a chest tube experiences sharp, stabbing chest pain without a change in pulse or blood pressure?
a. Pneumonitis b. Tube displacement c. A myocardial infarction d. A tension pneumothorax