Describe the major exocrine and endocrine functions of the kidney
What will be an ideal response?
The kidneys maintain homeostatic balance in the body through 3 basic functions:
• Filtration: Continuous filtration of blood removes waste products and fluid
• Blood pressure control:
Specialized cells (of the glomerulus) in the kidneys secrete renin to form angiotensin I
Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor
Angiotensin II also stimulates production of aldosterone and control of blood pressure
• Hormone production:
Kidneys produce erythropoietin, a hormone responsible for red blood cell production in bone marrow
Active form of vitamin D is also produced by the kidneys, allowing calcium to be absorbed
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The most common cause of vitamin toxicity is
A. overconsumption of nutritional supplements. B. overconsumption of carrots. C. overapplication of vitamin A cream for acne. D. overconsumption of cod liver oil.
What are the benefits of using theoretical behavior change theories and models?
The aseptic processing food preservation method is especially useful for
A. whole grain cereals. B. meats. C. fruit juices. D. spices.
In the Nutrition Care Process, which step may also involve nursing staff participation?
a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Intervention d. Monitor and evaluate