Compare the trait theories developed by Raymond Cattell, Hans and Sybil Eysenck, and Paul Costa and Robert McCrae. How do these theories depart from one another? In what ways are they similar to one another?
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Raymond Cattell developed the 16-PF model of personality. He identified 16 core personality dimensions that he thought captured the structure of personality. The Eysencks argued that a two-factor model (extroversion and neurotic ism) was sufficient to account for variations in personality. They later added psychoticism as a third factor, although this addition was met with some degree of controversy. Costa and McCrae developed the Five-Factor Model, also known as the Big Five model, to account for core personality dimensions. Openness to experience, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neurotic ism were the factors they identified. All three approaches adopt a trait view of personality, and all three models recognize traits such as extroversion or neurotic ism as primary personality dimensions. The models differ in terms of how many core dimensions each proposes as being sufficient to account for variations in human personality.
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