In which of the following situations would you expect the largest gender differences in self-confidence?
a. when predicting out loud how well you will do when you are in a group of people
b. on a task that is gender neutral
c. when the task is moderately familiar
d. when the task requires hard work, rather than natural talent
A
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Maura and Link each developed multiple-item survey measures of self-perceived creativity. You read all of the items in both surveys, and as far as you can tell, the items all seem clear and valid. However, Maura developed a 10-item measure, and Link developed a 16-item measure. Whose measure should you probably prefer?
A) Maura's measure because it is more parsimonious B) Maura's measure because participants are less likely to be bored by it C) Link's measure because it likely to be higher in internal validity D) Link's measure because it is likely to be higher in internal consistency
Normative conformity is based on a group's power because of:
a) informational value. b) goal achievement. c) wanting to be approved of. d) social stability.
Arlene does not know she has rubella and exposes her pregnant sister, Amanda to this disease. The fact that Amanda is only about 8 weeks pregnant when she catches the disease:
A. has less impact on potential congenital defects than how sick Amanda was B. has no effect on the fetus as the placenta prevents rubella from passing to the fetus C. increases the chance her baby will be born with congenital defects D. decreases the chance her baby will suffer any defects from the exposure
A researcher pretests a group of participants to determine their attitudes toward the use of alternative energy sources to replace crude oil. The researcher then initiates a program to convince them that they should invest in such alternatives. During this time, the price of gasoline rises $0.50 per gallon. At the end of the program, the researcher retests and finds that the participants are much more positive in their attitudes. What threat to internal validity most likely accounts for this change?
A. regression toward the mean B. maturation C. history D. testing