Discuss the role of neurotransmitters, brain-wave activity, and negative cognitions in the etiology and treatment of depression
What will be an ideal response?
Low levels of depression in relation to norepinephrine and dopamine are thought to be related to the etiology of depression. The permissive hypothesis argues that when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitters are permitted to range more widely and so become deregulated. EEG studies suggest that depressed individuals exhibit greater right-side anterior activation in their brains and lower levels of such activity on the left side than nondepressed individuals. Negative thoughts or attributions about themselves, the immediate world, and the future are characteristic of depressed individuals.
Antidepressant medications can effectively treat depression but may take several weeks to work, and symptoms may reappear when the medication is continued. Cognitive-based treatments take longer to work but can be instrumental in limiting later depression. The combination of both is often the most effective treatment.
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Identify the specialized receptor types associated with touch and explain how they are related to our perception of pain. Give an example of each pain stimulus identified.
What will be an ideal response?
Which term refers to an eating disorder characterized by binges on large quantities of food, followed by purges of the food through vomiting or the use of laxatives?
A. anorexia nervosa B. obesity C. malnutrition D. bulimia
Which of the following children would be described as being of "average" height and weight at birth?
a. Ava, who is in the 25th percentile b. Chase, who is in the 33rd percentile c. Steven, who is in the 50th percentile d. Erin, who is in the 75th percentile
Which neuroimaging technique produces the best spatial maps of the brain?
A. EEG B. MEG C. fMRI D. TMS