Briefly define and differentiate the terms gender stereotype and gender role. Then describe how operant conditioning, observational learning, and self-socialization contribute to gender role socialization
What will be an ideal response?
Gender stereotypes are widely held beliefs about females' and males' abilities, traits, and behavior; gender roles are expectations about what is appropriate behavior for each sex.
Gender roles emerge through a process of socialization where people acquire norms for appropriate behavior within a society. Gender-role socialization is affected by at least three processes. Through operant conditioning, roles are shaped by reward and punishment. Through observational learning, children imitate the gender-appropriate behavior of adults. Through self-socialization, children classify themselves as male or female and then strive to bring their behavior in line with what is gender appropriate in their culture. Families, schools, and the media all play important roles in gender-role socialization.
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