The nurse is assessing a client with suspected formal thought disorder (FTD). Which findings does the nurse understand are consistent with this condition? Select all that apply.
A) Abnormally slow speech
B) Pressured or distracted speech
C) Perseveration
D) Poverty of speech
E) Word salad
B) Pressured or distracted speech
D) Poverty of speech
E) Word salad
Explanation: A) Symptoms of formal thought disorder (FTD) include pressured or distracted speech that exhibits as rapid, often tangential speech with an extreme sense of urgency, not abnormally slow speech.
B) Symptoms of formal thought disorder (FTD) include pressured or distracted speech that exhibits as rapid, often tangential speech with an extreme sense of urgency; poverty of speech, which is an absence of spontaneous speech; loose associations, in which the individual's ideas seem unrelated to the topic at hand or take another direction altogether; and word salad, speech that consists of meaningless phrases and words that are made up (neologisms), random, or not connected to each other or the current topic.
C) Perseveration refers to the repetition of a particular response regardless of the absence or cessation of a stimulus, and is not a finding consistent with FTD.
D) Symptoms of formal thought disorder (FTD) include pressured or distracted speech that exhibits as rapid, often tangential speech with an extreme sense of urgency; poverty of speech, which is an absence of spontaneous speech; loose associations, in which the individual's ideas seem unrelated to the topic at hand or take another direction altogether; and word salad, speech that consists of meaningless phrases and words that are made up (neologisms), random, or not connected to each other or the current topic.
E) Symptoms of formal thought disorder (FTD) include pressured or distracted speech that exhibits as rapid, often tangential speech with an extreme sense of urgency; poverty of speech, which is an absence of spontaneous speech; loose associations, in which the individual's ideas seem unrelated to the topic at hand or take another direction altogether; and word salad, speech that consists of meaningless phrases and words that are made up (neologisms), random, or not connected to each other or the current topic.
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