What blood flow pattern occurs in a ventricular septal defect?
a. Mixed blood flow
b. Increased pulmonary blood flow
c. Decreased pulmonary blood flow
d. Obstruction to blood flow from ventricles
ANS: B
The opening in the septal wall allows for blood to flow from the higher pressure left ventricle into the lower pressure right ventricle. This left-to-right shunt creates increased pulmonary blood flow. The shunt is one way, from high pressure to lower pressure; oxygenated and unoxygenated blood do not mix. The outflow of blood from the ventricles is not affected by the septal defect.
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