The nurse understands that the osmotic makeup of the blood has an effect on the composition of interstitial spaces. Because of this factor, the nurse plans to assess the patient for which complication?
1. Transfusion reaction
2. Hypovolemia
3. Infection
4. Circulatory overload
4
Rationale 1: Transfusion reactions are not associated with the osmotic makeup of the blood.
Rationale 2: Hypovolemia is not a consideration because the volume is being increased, not decreased.
Rationale 3: Infections do not manifest themselves until after the completion of the transfusion and are not related to the osmolality of the blood.
Rationale 4: Circulatory overload can occur with transfusions because the increased osmotic makeup of the blood causes fluid to be mobilized from the interstitial space, thereby increasing intravascular volume well beyond that given during the transfusion. High-risk patients include the elderly and those individuals who already have increased circulatory volume or who have a history of heart failure.
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An elderly client from another culture tells the nurse that he barely recognizes his grandchildren because they have all become "Americans." This client is describing which of the following?
a. Acculturation c. Assimilation b. Ethnocentrism d. Cultural insensitivity
A nurse educator is having a discussion with students about the aging of the U.S. population. Which of the following are possible reasons for why our lifespan is increasing? Select all that apply
A. Decreased education B. Better access to quality health-care C. Increased average income D. Improved physical environment E. Increased urbanization
A nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on health promotion and illness prevention. The nurse explains the different levels of promotion. Which of the following does the nurse include when talking about primary promotion? Select all that apply
A) Immunization clinics B) Poison control information C) Screenings for blood pressure D) Recommending mammograms for women E) Teaching about a healthy diet
After analyzing behavior, the nurse determines that a client is demonstrating defense mechanisms. According to Freud, what should the nurse realize as being the cause of this behavior?
1. Anxiety created by conflicts 2. Activation of the conscience 3. Conflict between the id's impulses 4. Immediate pleasure and gratification 5. Underlying motivation for development