How does food move from the pharynx to the stomach?
A) Peristalsis and gravity push food through the esophagus.
B) Gravity alone pushes food through the trachea.
C) Gravity alone pushes food through the esophagus.
D) Peristalsis and gravity push food through the trachea.
Answer: A
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Many proteins can be made from a single mRNA. Why then do cells transcribe many copies of the same mRNA?
What will be an ideal response?
Feedback inhibition prevents cells from
A) the harmful effects of enzyme activation by covalent modification of unneeded enzymes. B) making products that are not needed by inhibiting the activity of enzymes in biosynthetic pathways allosterically. C) destroying enzymes by proteolytic cleavage when they are needed in biosynthetic pathways. D) accumulating unnecessary proteins. E) irreversibly inhibiting critical enzymes.
The process of fertilizing eggs outside the body is called
A. in vivo fertilization. B. in vitro fertilization. C. artificial insemination. D. fertility testing.
A normal muscle cell produces the myosin protein, which allows muscles to contract. You discover a single muscle cell that has tRNAs that do not bind to amino acids. Will the myosin gene be expressed in this muscle cell? Why or why not?
A) yes, because all cells in the body express the myosin gene all of the time B) no, because if the tRNAs do not bind amino acids, then translation cannot occur C) yes, because the myosin gene will be transcribed in the muscle cell nucleus D) no, because the myosin mRNA will likely get broken down in the cytoplasm