Elijah's parents tell him that if he behaves himself while the family volunteers at a local soup kitchen, they will buy him a game he wants. When asked if they are bribing Elijah to do what is right, his parents say that they prefer to view it as differential reinforcement of prosocial behavior. His parents are (presumably) jokingly violating the ____ maxim
a. quantity
b. quality
c. relation
d. manner
d
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Keisha and Laura are sitting side by side and playing with toys. They are sharing their toys but otherwise they are not interacting with each other. Instead, each child is doing her own activity. Which of Parten's stages of play are these children demonstrating?
A. solitary independent play B. associative play C. parallel play D. cooperative play
Learning to balance on one foot is an example of which type of development?
A) perceptual-motor development B) gross-motor development C) fine-motor development D) physical-motor development
Kindergarten students are struggling with retelling a simple story read aloud by their teacher. What is one effective strategy the teacher can use to help them?
a. The teacher should demonstrate how to retell a story, let the children hear the story several times, provide practice in small groups, and supply simple props. b. The children should be given the assignment of writing a story summary. c. The teacher should just eliminate story retelling as an activity; it is obviously too difficult. d. The children should read the story aloud and record it.
Students who work for tokens or points are being reinforced by what type of reinforcer?
a. primary b. secondary c. intrinsic d. none of the above