Which one of the following weeks of gestation would most interest a health care provider who is concerned about heightened drug transfer via the placenta?
a. 36
b. 24
c. 18
d. 8
ANS: A
Drug transfer via the placenta is greatest late in gestation. As pregnancy progresses, chorionic villi become more numerous, providing a greater surface area across which diffusion between the two circulations can occur. Near term, the membrane separating maternal and fetal circulation thins considerably, so that fetal capillary endothelium is separated from maternal circulation by a single layer of fetal chorionic tissue. Inflammation, hypoxia, vascular degeneration, or partial separation of the placenta affects drug transfer just as it affects transfer of oxygen and nutrients to the fe-tus.
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