What mechanism is not used to prevent self-pollination in angiosperms?
a. separate male and female individuals
b. pollen is shed before the stigma of that flower is receptive to pollen
c. pollen is shed after the stigma of that flower is receptive to pollen
d. self-incompatibility genes enable a plant to recognize its own pollen
e. self-incompatibility genes stimulate growth of the pollen tube
E
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Which of the following best describes how ATP synthase converts the potential energy of the proton gradient to the chemical energy of ATP?
A. Kinetic energy from the flow of protons is converted to the kinetic energy of rotation of the F0 subunit; this is transferred to the F1 subunit and used to catalyze ATP synthesis. B. The flow of protons through the F0 subunit reduces the F1 subunit, which allows ADP to be oxidized to ATP. C. The flow of protons through the F0 subunit oxidizes the F1 subunit, which allows ADP to be reduced to ATP. D. Kinetic energy from the flow of protons is stored in a new electrochemical gradient within the F0 subunit. The potential energy of the electrochemical gradient, in turn, is converted to kinetic energy in the F1 subunit and used to catalyze ATP synthesis. E. None of these answer options accurately describes how ATP synthase converts the potential energy of the proton gradient to the chemical energy of ATP.
All of the following statements about cellulose are true EXCEPT:
A. Cellulose is composed of fibers of carbohydrates. B. Cellulose is an important source of plant fiber for our diet. C. Cellulose is the primary molecule found in wood. D. Cellulose is one of the most abundant organic molecules on Earth. E. Certain animals like ourselves can easily digest cellulose and use it as a source of energy.
Inhalation is always ____ while exhalation is usually ____
a. active; active b. active; passive c. passive; active d. passive; passive e. variable depending on oxygen content; fixed
__________ is mostly water in which diverse ions and molecules are dissolved. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s)