Describe how maintaining the head in normal vertical alignment (head/optical righting) causes the pelvis, spine, and joints of the lower extremities to behave as part of a closed kinematic chain
What will be an ideal response?
ANS: Because, in most instances, the head is maintained in an upright position with a vertical
orientation, the head is in essence fixed along a vertical axis. When one of the body segments in
weight-bearing throws the head out of alignment, the adjacent body parts will do whatever is
necessary to get the head aligned over the sacrum as closely as possible, because this minimizes
bony stresses. If the head is aligned properly over the sacrum in both the sagittal and the frontal
places, the spine is considered to be neutral or compensated. For example, if the hips are being
pulled into flexion by tightness in the iliopsoas (anterior pelvic tilt), the trunk does not remain
forwardly flexed on the anteriorly tilted pelvis. Instead, compensation occurs by extending the
lumbar spine. Similarly, if there is a short leg on the right, bilateral stance would tip the trunk and
head to the right. Instead, the spine compensates by laterally flexing to the left, and if necessary,
the cervical spine fine-tunes the positioning of the head vertically by laterally flexing to the right
again.
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A male soccer player was struck in the head with a soccer ball. Players state that he was dazed for several seconds following the impact and then asked the same questions over and over. Presently, he is conscious and oriented to person, but confused about place and time. He also has a reddened area to the side of his head and face. As you proceed with your assessment, his memory continues to improve. Based on these findings, the EMT should suspect which type of injury?
A) Concussion B) Open head injury C) Epidural hematoma D) Cerebral contusion
If the amounts totaled from superbills and Explanation of Benefits forms (EOBs) do NOT match the report totals, the medical office specialist should:
review the report, superbills, and EOBs patient by patient to locate any errors. submit the report to a supervisor with a memo stating the problem. call the computer system repair person to check the program. go home and address the problem the next day with a fresh outlook.
The job of the cardiac conduction system's pacemaker is to
A) cause depolarization of myocardial cells. B) propagate electrical impulses. C) conduct electrical impulses. D) all of the above.
Which of the following statements regarding an exit and exit access is MOST accurate?
A. The exit and exit access must be at least 50% clear of obstructions. B. The exit and exit access must be at least 80% clear of obstructions. C. Only moveable furnishings or decorations are allowed in the exit and exit access. D. No furnishings or decorations may be allowed to obstruct or conceal an exit or exit access.