Evaluate the evidence that nonhuman animals have a sense of self similar to what is seen in adult humans.
What will be an ideal response?
One test that has been used to evaluate the sense of self in humans as well as other animals is the mirror test. In this test, a human or other animal has a spot of rouge applied to their face, and they are provided with a mirror in which that spot is visible on their face. By conducting this test on multiple species, scientists have discovered that humans (after approximately 15 months of age), chimpanzees, magpies, elephants, porpoises, and orangutans all recognize themselves in the mirror, as demonstrated by the fact that they attempt to remove the rouge from their own faces. In contrast, monkeys and humans under the age of 15 months treat the mirror image as another individual rather than as themselves.
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Perception results from:
a. top-down processing alone b. bottom-up processing alone c. top-down and bottom-up processing working together d. top-down and bottom-up processing opposing one another
Changing one's attitudes and behaviors to be similar to those of a particular group of
people is called a. compliance. b. deindividuation. c. conformity. d. social facilitation. e. the bystander norm.
Chad just had his first experience of sexual intercourse
After his orgasm, he expected to start all over again but found he could not regain an erection. This inability lasted twenty minutes. Chad felt embarrassed and thought there must be something wrong with him. What did Chad need to know? a) This could be a sign of a major health problem, he should see a physician soon. b) He is fine, he was in the resolution stage and experiencing a normal refractory period. c) This could be a sign of psychological problems and he needs to see a counselor. d) This means he is not with the right person and unconsciously knows this.
According to Erikson, the major personality attainment of adolescence is __________
A) trust B) identity C) autonomy D) intimacy