Which of the following is NOT a major assumption of stage theory about development?
a. Behavior unfolds in a one-directional, invariable sequence.
b. Cognitive abilities are gradually acquired, in increments.
c. Each stage is associated with a qualitatively distinct set of cognitive structures.
d. Later stages build on earlier stages.
B
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11. Students whose sense of dignity has been damaged can be helped by making learning attractive and ensuring they experience genuine:
a) success. b) affection. c) prestige. d) correction.
The appropriateness of the type of test used depends on the
A) skills being tested B) diversity at the school C) purpose of the test D) time of year of the test
Bart is high in aggression at the age of 8. He is in the third grade and has started fights with many of the children in his class. Based on longitudinal studies, what correlations (if any) have been identified between behavior such as Bart's at the age of 8 and behavior later in life?
a. Children who show aggression in middle childhood usually develop mature behaviors and behave with moderation in adulthood. b. Longitudinal studies indicate no correlation between aggressive behavior at the age of 8 and aggressive behavior later in life. c. Children who show signs of aggression at age 8 are significantly more likely to be convicted of a crime by age 30. d. When aggressive school-age children are given freedom to act independently, they develop normal prosocial behaviors.
When visualizing during reading and writing, students ________
A) engage in related reading, writing, and speaking activities B) interpret multiple formats for vocabulary C) create or produce images to convey meaning D) organize prior information