The more subunits into which an organization breaks down, the
A. more unified it becomes.
B. less differentiated it becomes.
C. lower the productivity.
D. higher the costs.
E. more highly differentiated it becomes.
E. more highly differentiated it becomes.
Differentiation is the tendency of the parts of an organization to disperse and fragment. This impulse toward dispersal arises because of technical specialization and division of labor. The more subunits into which an organization breaks down, the more highly differentiated it becomes.
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Expert systems and neural networks are two techniques researched and implemented in a field called _____.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Because the timing of a strategic move can be just as important as the choice of move to make, a company's best option with respect to timing of an action is
A. to be the last mover-playing catch-up is usually fairly easy and almost always is much cheaper than any other option. B. to be a fast follower. C. to be the first mover. D. to be a late mover (because it is cheaper and easier to imitate the successful moves of the leaders and moving late allows a company to avoid the mistakes and costs associated with trying to be a pioneer-first-mover disadvantages usually overwhelm first-mover advantages). E. to carefully weigh the first-mover advantages against the first-mover disadvantages and act accordingly.
Which of the following explains the value in strategic planning?
a. An organization comes to understand its markets and its competitors. b. An organization becomes aware of the changing marketplace environment. c. Organizational partners are better able to communicate and coordinate activities. d. Helps managers better allocate time and resources. e. All of the above.
____ computer ethics involves the responsible use of computers outside of professional environments.
A. Personal B. Private C. Home D. Standard