What is a state "reprisal"?
a. Attacks on peacekeepers.
b. Illegal actions taken by states.
c. Enforcement of international law by the superpowers.
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
e
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Which of the following research types represents the highest level of constraint?
A) Case study B) Correlational C) Archival D) Differential
Collectively, the U.S. Supreme Court cases Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger suggest that affirmation action
a. is likely permissible if it is narrowly tailored to fulfill a compelling state interest and does not rely on quotas. b. is likely permissible as long as it is a points-based system and is otherwise colorblind. c. is likely permissible as long as it reduces racial inequality and promotes cultural awareness or understanding. d. may be unconstitutional if the goal is to promote diversity. e. is typically unconstitutional.
In recent years, morale of government employees has
A) declined, in part because workers see no chance to move up. B) increased because of a sense of mission associated with the war on terror. C) no longer been measured because of budget cuts in the Inspector General's office. D) remained consistently high, in spite of additional pressure placed on employees. E) remained consistently low due to the public's disdain for bureaucrats.
One of the impediments to bureaucratic accountability is that policymakers ______.
a. often do not want maximum control over administrators b. do not understand performance measurement c. often do not want minimum control over administrators d. focus only on positive control