After teaching a group of students about the types of urinary incontinence and possible causes, the instructor determines that the student have understood the material when they identify which of the following as a cause of stress incontinence?
a) Obstruction due to fecal impaction or enlarged prostate
b) Decreased pelvic muscle tone due to multiple pregnancies
c) Increased urine production due to metabolic conditions
d) Bladder irritation related to urinary tract infections
Answer: b) Decreased pelvic muscle tone due to multiple pregnancies
Stress incontinence is due to decreased pelvic muscle tone, which is associated with multiple pregnancies, obstetric injuries, obesity, menopause, or pelvic disease. Transient incontinence is due to increased urine production related to metabolic conditions. Urge incontinence is due to bladder irritation related to urinary tract infections, bladder tumors, radiation therapy, enlarged prostate, or neurologic dysfunction. Overflow incontinence is due to obstruction from fecal impaction or enlarged prostate.
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A nurse manager gives a staff nurse an exceptional appraisal. The other nurses learn of the appraisal and are upset because this nurse has had numerous complaints from peers regarding laziness
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The client with a new medication prescription for allopurinol (Zyloprim) asks the nurse, "I know this is for gout, but how does it work?" In formulating a response, the nurse understands that allopurinol:
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The nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerine via the intravenous route. What must the nurse plan to do prior to administering this medication?
1. Use gloves to prevent self-administration. 2. Instruct the patient to avoid moving the arm in which the medication is infusing. 3. Cover the intravenous (IV) bottle to decrease light exposure. 4. Darken the room to decrease light exposure.