Describe the three schools of psychological thought that became popular when psychology emerged as a discipline, including the major theorists associated with each school as well as the goal of each of these perspectives
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer will include the following key points.
• Structuralism was the analysis of sensations, images, and feelings into basic elements based on Wundt's method of introspection.
• Wilhelm Wundt and E. B. Titchener were leaders in the structuralist school of psychology.
• Structuralism died out in the early years of psychology.
• Functionalism, founded by William James, emphasized the purpose of behavior, as opposed to its analysis and description.
• Functionalism also died out as a separate school of psychology, but its emphasis on the causes and consequences of behavior continued to influence the development of psychology as a science.
• Psychoanalysis was both a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy that stressed the role of the unconscious mind and its hidden conflicts and wishes in influencing our behavior.
• Psychoanalysis was founded by Sigmund Freud.
• Psychoanalysis is not accepted by most empirically-oriented psychologists, but remains an active, though highly controversial, school of psychology today.
You might also like to view...
Tony is a young man who is sexually attracted to other men. For Tony, being attracted to other men is his __________.
A. gender identity B. sexual attraction C. sexual orientation D. heterosexuality
Children who show evidence of learned helplessness believe
a. they can control every aspect of their lives. b. they are much better than their performance might suggest. c. they will succeed if they try harder. d. the outcome of most situations is beyond their control.
Define localization and describe one observation that provided support for this concept.
What will be an ideal response?
When chemical communication at a synapse is terminated by the recapture of neurotransmitter molecules by the presynaptic neuron, we refer to the process as a. diffusion
b. enzymatic deactivation. c. reuptake. d. second messaging.