Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. The length of the alimentary canal is about 30 feet.
2. Substances in the stomach or small intestine are considered outside the body.
3. Because they are not directly involved in digestion, the teeth, tongue, and large intestines are considered accessory organs of the digestive system.
4. In the abdominal cavity, the serosa layer is composed of mesentery.
5. The uvula is a thin membrane that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. FALSE
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Why are the bones of young children much more flexible than those of the elderly?
What will be an ideal response?
Which statement is incorrect?
a. Juxtamedullary nephrons establish a vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla. b. NaCl pumps of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle can establish a 1,200 mOsm/liter difference between ascending and descending limbs at any given location. c. Countercurrent exchange allows the vasa recta to preserve the vertical osmotic gradient while supplying blood to the medullary tissue. d. Collecting tubules of all nephrons utilize the driving force of the vertical osmotic gradient to accomplish variable H2O reabsorption under the control of vasopressin. e. The filtrate is isotonic as it enters the loop of Henle, hypertonic at the tip of the loop of Henle, and hypotonic as it leaves the loop of Henle.
A child was born with Alport's syndrome, a genetic condition affecting the genes for the production of a type of collagen. Where are these mutated genes located in a cell?
What will be an ideal response?
In people who stand for long periods, blood tends to pool in the lower limbs and this may result in varicose veins. Varicose veins are caused by
a) an aneurysm or weak point in an artery. b) an aneurysm or weak point in a vein. c) failure of the venous valves. d) failure of the lymphatic valves. e) a ruptured aneurysm in a vein.