Which of the following is a Theory X Assumption, according to McGregor?

a. The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest
b. External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing about
effort toward objectives. People will exercise self-direction and self-control in the service
of objectives to which they are committed
c. The average human being learns, under proper conditions, to accept and seek
responsibility
d. The average human being is self-centered, prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, and has relatively little ambition


d. The average human being is self-centered, prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, and has relatively little ambition

Criminal Justice

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In McNabb v. U.S. (1943) and Mallory v. U.S. (1957) the Supreme Court held that confessions taken from suspects arrested by federal authorities and not brought before magistrates without

unnecessary delay would be excluded under the Fifth Amendment privilege against selfincrimination. Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is a belief that punishment will reduce the likelihood of future criminal behavior either by the particular offender or by others who fear similar punishment?

a. restitution b. rehabilitation c. deterrence d. retribution

Criminal Justice

Critics of deterrence theory stated that ______ statistics are not adequate measures of the deterrence theoretical framework.

a. parametric b. non-parametric c. aggregate d. multivariate

Criminal Justice

________ can be used as a way to apprehend auto thieves

- bait money - bait cars - dye packs - profiles

Criminal Justice