Describe and contrast the major theories of language development
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
• Social learning theory indicates language acquisition follows the basic laws of reinforcement and conditioning.
• The nativist approach is a theory that a genetically determined innate mechanism directs language development.
• The interactionist approach is a combination of the social learning and nativist theories in that language development is produced through a combination of genetically determined predispositions and environmental circumstances that help teach language.
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The door-in-the-face technique involves
a. making a very large request that is likely to be turned down to increase the chances that people will agree to a smaller request later. b. making a very small request that is likely to be accepted to increase the chances that people will agree to a larger request later. c. concealing some of the costs associated with a request until after the request has been accepted. d. adding incentives to a request that has been turned down until people finally agree to go along with the initial request.
According to the discussion of feminist identity in Chapter 4,
a. adolescent males are just as likely as adolescent females to have a feminist identity. b. adolescent females who say that they have a feminist identity are typically unable to provide an accurate definition for the word "feminist.". c. in general, those people who oppose feminist beliefs have a complex view of themselves. d. adolescents are more likely to believe in gender equality than to say that they are feminists.
Suppose that you have been studying some terms related to your course in biopsychology. After you have been studying for about 15 minutes, you find that you are having more trouble learning and remembering new terms. This problem is an example of
a. the episodic buffer. b. the chunking phenomenon. c. subvocalization. d. proactive interference.
A dangerous sleep disorder in which the person's air passages are obstructed is called
a. sleep apnea. c. narcolepsy. b. sleep terrors. d. sleepwalking.