List 3 reasons why women are less tolerant of alcohol than men.
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Compared with men, women produce less of the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme in the cells that line their stomachs-as a result, women absorb about 30% to 35% more unmetabolized alcohol from the stomach directly into the bloodstream. Another gender-related factor is that, in comparison with men, women are generally smaller in body size, have more body fat, and have less total body water. As a result, alcohol becomes more concentrated in the blood and body tissues of a woman than in a similar-size man because alcohol can be diluted by water, but not by adipose tissue. For these reasons, a woman becomes intoxicated on less alcohol than a similar-size man.
Other factors that can affect alcohol metabolism include the alcohol content of the beverage, the amount of alcohol consumed, and the individual's usual alcohol intake. As described earlier, individuals who drink large amounts of alcohol regularly are able to metabolize alcohol more rapidly and have a greater tolerance to alcohol.
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Match the correct answer with the appropriate term.
_______ 1. The body’s ability to meet routine physical demands and to withstand stresses of all kinds _______ 2. Allows the joints to move freely and through a full range of motion _______ 3. Decrease in muscle size and strength _______ 4. A high-energy compound in muscle cells that can provide immediate energy _______ 5. Required for sustained physical activity in addition to a fuel source _______ 6. The product of anaerobic glycolysis _______ 7. It is released into the bloodstream when the liver breaks down glycogen _______ 8. The ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly without becoming exhausted _______ 9. Stored form of fuel in the muscles and liver _______ 10. Increase in muscle size and strength _______ 11. Signaling proteins secreted by the skeletal muscles _______ 12. Temporary state of low blood hemoglobin in athletes _______ 13. Build-up of heat that increases the body’s temperature _______ 14. Training principle that involves incrementally increasing intensity, frequency, and/or duration _______ 15. Concern for athletes in cold weather _______ 16. Regularly providing the body adequate fluids _______ 17. The accepted measure of a person’s cardiorespiratory fitness _______ 18. A stimulant used to enhance performance during exercise _______ 19. A depressant and diuretic _______ 20 The amount of blood pumped out of the heart each minute a. VO2max b. Cardiac output c. Hypertrophy d. Muscle endurance e. Myokines f. Overload g. Oxygen h. Fitness i. Alcohol j. Caffeine k. Glucose l. Creatine m. Glycogen n. Hydration o. Flexibility p. Lactate q. Atrophy r. Hypothermia s. Hyperthermia t. Sports anemia
Describe the information that must be provided on the updated Nutrition Facts panel of the food label
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Choose the factors that promote bone health.
A. Female, aging, and high estrogen B. Healthy body weight, active lifestyle, and a balanced dietary pattern that includes bone-building nutrients C. Strength training, low estrogen levels, and low protein intake D. Smoking, alcohol, and excessive caffeine intake
Which substance is known as blood sugar or dextrose?
a. glucose b. maltose c. sucrose d. fructose e. lactose