Which form of direct measurement uses statistical estimation to estimate the number of microbes in a sample?
A. Viable plate count
B. Microscopic count
C. Most probable number (MPN)
D. Serial dilution
C. Most probable number (MPN)
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The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) protocol that is currently used in laboratories was facilitated by the discovery of a bacterium called Thermus aquaticus in a hot spring inside Yellowstone National Park, in Wyoming
This organism contains a heat-stable form of DNA polymerase known as Taq polymerase, which continues to function even after it has been heated to 95°C. Why would such a heat-stable polymerase be beneficial in PCR? A) Each cycle includes a "hot" denaturation phase (95°C), which activates the Taq polymerase. B) Each cycle includes a "hot" saturation phase (95°C), which allows the primers to anneal to the target DNA. C) Each cycle includes a "hot" denaturation phase (95°C), which separates the hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of the template DNA together. D) Each cycle includes a "hot" denaturation phase (95°C), which serves to sterilize the culture. E) More than one of the above are correct.
Which factor is directly involved in calculating NPP?
A) the change in growth of the human population B) the amount of solar energy converted to chemical energy by plants C) the amount of chemical energy required by plants to support themselves D) the number of births and deaths in a population over one year
Which of the following statements concerning the hepatitis B vaccine is FALSE?
A) It must be given in three doses. B) It is protective against the virus in 95% of vaccinated individuals. C) It is recommended for high-risk groups. D) It must be repeated every five years. E) Immunity can last at least 20 years and may be for life.
A student conducted an original, well designed experiment, carefully following proper scientific procedure.. In order for the conclusion to become generally accepted, the experiment must
a. contain several experimental variables b. support the original hypothesis c. be repeated to verify the reliability of the data d. be conducted by a scientist