A secondary deficiency of a vitamin occurs when
a. dietary intake of two or more vitamins is inadequate.
b. absorption is inadequate or excessive amounts are excreted.
c. dietary intake is less than the physiologic need of the individual.
d. the vitamin deficiency is accompanied by protein-energy malnutrition.
B
Secondary deficiency of a vitamin occurs when absorption is inadequate or excretion is excessive. Inadequate dietary intake of two or more vitamins causes multiple primary deficiencies. Dietary intake below physiologic needs is primary deficiency. Vitamin deficiency almost always occurs when an individual has protein-energy malnutrition.
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