If the proton pumps of guard cell were damaged, transpiration would decrease.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
True
Clarify Question
• What is the key concept addressed by the question?
The key concept is transpiration.
• What type of thinking is required?
You are being asked to take what you already know and use, or apply, it to proton pumps and transpiration.
• What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
o Proton pump, which creates a proton gradient across a membrane, and thereby stores potential energy.
o Transpiration, which is the evaporation of water in the stomata.
o Guard cell, which is a cell that opens and closes the stomata.
Gather Content
• What do you already know about the relationship between guard cells and transpiration? How does it relate to the question?
o Guard cells require ATP to actively transport ions.
o Proton pumps are used in this active transport.
o As ions move in, so does water.
o Water increases the turgor od the guard cells.
o Increased turgor in guard cells opens the stomata.
o Open stomata allow transpiration to occur.
Consider Possibilities
• What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful?
o If proton pumps are damaged, guard cells could not stockpile ions, and so they would not fill with water. If guard cells do not fill with water, the stomata remain closed. If guard cells remain closed, transpiration would not occur.
Choose Answer
• Given what you now know, what information and/or problem-solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
o To answer this question, you need to connect the function of the proton pumps to the opening of the stomata. Once the stomata are open, transpiration can occur.
Reflect on Process
• Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
o This question asked you to connect proton pump function with guard cells and transpiration. Answering this question correctly depended on your ability to use the mechanics of transpiration in a new situation. If you got the correct answer, great job! If you got an incorrect answer, where did the process break down? Did you remember that the opening of guard cells requires the build up of ions via the use of proton pumps or that if guard cells do not open, transpiration cannot occur? Did you have trouble extending transpiration to determine the correct answer?
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