Phenylketonuria is an inherited condition _____
a. caused by a deficiency of an enzyme that metabolizes phenylalanine
b. caused by a defective pancreas
c. diagnosed by measuring ketones in urine
d. requiring enzyme capsules to aid digestion
e. of muscle coordination problems affecting the gastrointestinal tract
a
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Medical History: A.R. is a healthy 51-year old premenopausal Caucasian woman with pallor who is employed full-time in an office job. She had a pancreatic cyst removed six years ago. She was asymptomatic until one year ago when she developed acute pancreatitis flare-ups after consuming fatty foods. The condition was attributed to scarring at the pancreatic duct, which secretes pancreatic lipase,
and was accompanied by severe abdominal pain radiating to her back, vomiting, and steatorrhea. She was placed on oral pancreatic lipase enzyme tablets (Pancrease™) that digest fat, and was also prescribed to follow a "low-fat diet." The medication and diet help to reduce her symptoms, and she notes that flare-ups generally only occur when she eats too much fat. Anthropometric: Ht: 5'2 . Wt: 156 lbs. Wt 1 yr ago: 199 lbs. Frame size: Medium. Clinical/Labs: A.R.'s serum vitamin D was low (20 ng/mL; normal is 25-80 ng/mL), but all other labs were within normal limits when she last visited her internal medicine physician several months ago. She was placed on a 5,000-IU vitamin D supplement, to be reduced to a 2,000-IU vitamin D supplement thereafter; she takes no other vitamins or minerals. Other medications include Synthroid and Aygestin. Current Chief Complaints: A.R.'s current problems include constipation and dry skin. Diet: "My usual grocery list consists of boneless chicken breasts, turkey, pork chops (infrequently), strip steak (infrequently), 90/10 ground beef, pasta (half whole-wheat, half regular), tomatoes and sauce to make pasta sauce, 90 percent fat-free lunch meat ham or turkey, brown rice, steamable microwave vegetables, red and green lettuce, tomatoes, onions, cereal, blueberries if on sale, apples, tangerines, red licorice, bread, crackers, and canned soup. I am concerned about not having enough protein or iron because I am afraid to eat very much red meat. The foods I miss the most include iced tea, which I skip because of caffeine—I am getting bored with water. I like to bake and miss baked goods, and I also miss cheese—I am afraid it is too high in fat. I have a hard time figuring out what to pack for lunch. The restaurants I go to if I do go out are Chick-Fil-A, Panera, Viva, a local diner, and an Italian restaurant. I like Italian and Mexican food. Usually if I do eat out it is for lunch but it is sometimes hard to figure out something safe to eat..." Dairy foods: Twice a day, drinks 2 8-oz glasses of 1% milk. Fruits: 1 cup per day. Steatorrhea is classified as a(n) _____ diarrhea. a. motility disorder-related b. osmotic c. secretory d. all of the above
A 32-year old AIDS patient is admitted to the hospital you are a dietitian for. She is 5'6" and weighs 112 lbs. Calculate her calories needs.
a. 1400 kcal b. 2400 kcal c. 3000 kcal d. 2000 kcal
Blood levels of cholesterol should not exceed _______________. List food sources that are low in cholesterol. Discuss ways to lower cholesterol. What is the RDA for cholesterol? Discuss the action of cholesterol and fiber
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
A 5'9" female weighs 120 lbs. What does her BMI indicate?
a. increased risk for morbidity due to low BMI b. within normal healthy standards c. increased risk for morbidity due to a BMI indicating overweight d. increased risk for morbidity due to a BMI indicating obesity