A viroid is a completely developed infectious agent composed of nucleic acid and surrounded by a capsid
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
FALSE
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the MAP kinase pathway? (Select all correct choices.)
A. A receptor kinase is activated by binding to a growth factor and phosphorylates receptor cytoplasmic domains. B. The activated receptor kinase dimer activates the RAS protein to bind to a GTP. C. The activated RAS protein activates protein kinases in the signal-transduction pathway. D. A series of protein kinases amplify the signal to the nucleus where genes responsible for cell division are switched on. E. A pyrophosphatase enzyme terminates the cellular response.
Which of the following statements is false?
a. It is assumed that lower animals are incapable of perception. b. Humans, as the most complex organisms, have all of the sensory organs found in lower forms. c. Mechanoreceptors are responsible for the senses of equilibrium and hearing. d. Nociceptors detect damage to tissues. e. A lobster reacts to the boiling water in which it is placed to cook.
How does Helicobacter pylori cause gastric ulcers in humans?
A) It neutralizes the acids of the stomach.
B) It causes the production of excess acid in the stomach.
C) It damages the stomach's mucus coat.
D) It causes the stomach to produce stronger acids.
Chancroid is characterized by
A) Bubo-like swelling of the lymph nodes. B) Sexually transmission C) Geographical distribution in the tropics and subtropics D) Lesions which develop at the portal of entry E) All of these choices are correct