Compare and contrast mainstream criminology and critical criminology. How are the two alike? How do they differ?
What will be an ideal response?
Much contemporary criminological theory fails to address the full range of criminal behavior and confines its theorizing to the measurable, official crime and delinquency and lower level white collar crimes. An emphasis on criminal behavior rather than on the criminalization of behavior. Emphasis had been on the criminal rather than on the social control machinery. A consensus worldview in which the existing society and its operations are perceived as relatively viable or unquestioned. A critical, sometimes cynical stance with respect to societal institutions, combined with a liberal optimism on reform measures. A mild pessimism regarding the perfectibility of the criminal justice system, but willingness to work within the established social order. Advocating the rehabilitation of offenders and their adjustment to the status quo. A positivistic orientation that stresses objectivity and empirical analysis.
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that the prevalence of HIV infection in prison is ______ times higher than the general U.S. population.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
In 1988, prosecutors tried Mel Ignatow for the brutal rape, torture, and murder of his girlfriend. Prosecutors relied mostly on a confession from his accomplice, but the jury didn’t believe her and acquitted Ignatow of murder. Later, the new owners of his home discovered several explicit photos of the crime, proving that he did in fact murder her. Based on this case, which of the following statements would be true?
A. Prosecutors were not able to establish Ignatow’s legal guilt, in spite of the fact that he was factually guilty of the crime. B. Because the accomplice’s confession that she helped Ignatow murder his girlfriend was circumstantial evidence, the jury decided to acquit. C. There was no direct evidence of the crime, so the jury acquitted Ignatow. D. The prosecutor established legal guilt in this case, but not factual guilt.
In the 1980's to the early 1990's gang violence:
a. Surged b. Calmed c. Remained the same d. Outpaced non gang related violence
Which of the following is not a way in which the executive branch contributes to the "making" of white collar crime law?
a. Influencing legislative law-making through lobbying b. Determining the specific language of the law. c. Controlling the actual implementation and enforcement of the law. d. Making appointments to the top administrative posts in regulatory agencies