The Abecedarian study, which provided a full-day, year-round educational program to low-income African American children from 4 months to 5 years,
a. had an initial gain in IQ by 5 years that was largely gone by age 15.
b. actually yielded a lower IQ compared to people who did not participate.
c. raised IQ values from 4 months through age 21 years.
d. resulted in a lower attendance at 4-year colleges.
Answer: c. raised IQ values from 4 months through age 21 years.
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A researcher studies one group as they grow older in which type of study?
a. Retrospective b. Longitudinal c. Cross-cultural d. Cross-sectional
As defined in the text, narcissists are ____
a. people who regard themselves as better than others and are constantly trying to win the admiration of others b. people who have a total disregard for ethics and morality c. essentially the same as people with healthy levels of self-esteem d. people who overvalue superficial qualities (e.g., physical attractiveness) and undervalue deeper qualities (e.g., loyalty)
General findings are that there is a moderate positive
correlation—about .3 to .4—between brain size and measured intelligence. We must remember, however, that this relationship does not mean that having a bigger brain is directly responsible for higher intelligence. Some third variable, such as better nutrition, might explain this relationship. This reminds us of the critical thinking concept of A) correlation versus causation. B) replicability. C) Occam's Razor. D) extraordinary claims.
Psychologist William Sheldon believed he could infer people's personalities based on __________, but well-controlled studies later found only weak or nonexistent correlations.
A. their body types B. the bumps on their heads C. their race and gender D. their facial configuration