To encourage their students to read more books, the fifth-grade teachers in an elementary school give a wooden bead to each student who finishes a book and submits a report about it. Every Friday, the class with the most beads exchanges their beads for a pizza party. Which Skinnerian method are the teachers using?
a) Aversive conditioning
b) Shaping
c) Satiation
d) Token economy
Answer: d) Token economy
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A conditioned stimulus is one that occurs without prior learning
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
In 1952, British psychologist Hans Eysenck published the first systematic attempt to empirically determine the
a. prevalence of suicide among teenagers. b. effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy. c. effectiveness of psychotherapy, particularly psychoanalysis. d. effects of long-term institutionalization.
Which of the following is NOT a problem with using punishment in behavior modification?
a. it can lead to escape behaviors b. it may evoke emotional reactions c. it may be negatively reinforcing d. it is used to harm individuals
According to the author of your text, observational learning involves observing
a. events and their consequences. b. the behavior of a model. c. the effects of a model's behavior. d. and imitating a model's actions.