Describe the four phases of swallowing:
What will be an ideal response?
a. Oral preparation
Food is manipulated in the mouth and masticated if necessary, reducing it to a consistency ready for bolus formation and swallowing
b. Oral transit
Tongue propels food posteriorly until the pharyngeal swallow is triggered
c. Pharyngeal
Pharyngeal swallow is triggered; the bolus is moved through the pharynx; and the cricopharyngeal sphincter (upper esophageal sphincter) opens to allow the bolus to enter the esophagus
d. Esophageal
Esophageal peristalsis carries the bolus through the cervical and thoracic esophagus and into the stomach
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Hunger can be defined as:
a. the desire to eat aroused by the sight or smell of food. b. unpleasant physical and psychological sensations that lead people to acquire and ingest food. c. the desire to eat aroused by thoughts of the taste and enjoyment of food. d. a feeling of fullness or of having had enough to eat.
Between the ages of 25 and 65, physical working capacity declines by _____% per decade
a. 1-2 b. 3-5 c. 5-10 d. 10-20 e. 30
It is recommended that endurance athletes consume 30-60 g of carbohydrate per hour during exercise
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Studies show that the most important characteristic of any weight-loss diet for obese, sedentary individuals is the restriction of energy intake, not the carbohydrate, protein, or fat distribution of the diet
Indicate whether the statement is true or false