Recall the three primary elements of the attribution process. Describe how attributions may be positive or negative depending upon the three elements

What will be an ideal response?


1. Personality and self: Our innate personality and our self-concept and self-esteem affect how we view the world and other people. People with a healthy self-esteem tend to have a more positive perception of others and of the world, whereas those with low self-esteem tend to have negative perceptions. The same is true with our personalities.
2. Social influences: Our gender/sex roles and occupational roles are somewhat dictated by societal expectations. The media influences our expectations of how people should behave in certain occupations, as do our own observations. Gender roles are particularly socially learned behaviors; we expect males to behave and look a certain way (masculine = assertive, self-reliant, and independent) and females to behave and look a certain way (feminine = shy, affectionate, and sympathetic).
3. Cultural Influences: Every culture maintains a collection of norms, customs, rituals and language. These affect our perceptions of our own communication, but also the communication of other cultures. The U.S. is an individualistic culture, one which values competition, self-sufficiency, and the immediate family. Japan is a collectivistic culture, which values groups and extended families. When we face cultures different than our own, we tend to perceive them negatively.

Communication & Mass Media

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Announcers (jocks) also use production facilities for duties such as:

A. voice tracking B. promo recording C. commercial spot production D. all of these E. none of these

Communication & Mass Media

Most meetings have one or more of the following goals: (1) giving information, (2) discussing information, and (3) taking action.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Communication & Mass Media

What is the difference between reasoning from principle and reasoning from specific instances? Give an example of your own choosing of both kinds of reasoning.

What will be an ideal response?

Communication & Mass Media

A feature of advertising NOT shared by public relations is that

A) the organization controls the message. B) messages are always self-serving. C) messages that reach the audience may have been edited by the media. D) time and space are purchased.

Communication & Mass Media