When assessing the body alignment of a patient while he or she is standing, the nurse is aware that
a. When observed posteriorly, the hips and shoulders form an "S" pattern.
b. When observed laterally, the spinal curves align in a reversed "S" pattern.
c. The arms should be crossed over the chest or in the lap.
d. The feet should be close together with toes pointed out.
ANS: B
When the patient is observed laterally, the head is erect and the spinal curves are aligned in a reversed "S" pattern. When observed posteriorly, the shoulders and hips are straight and parallel. The arms hang comfortably at the sides. The feet are slightly apart to achieve a base of support, and the toes are pointed forward.
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