Which statement concerning pain management in the preterm infant is correct?
a. Extremely premature infants do not expe-rience pain sensations as adults and children do.
b. All infants respond to pain with physical behaviors such as crying and withdrawing.
c. Opioid use is discouraged because the preterm infant cannot metabolize narcotics.
d. Non-nutritive sucking and cuddling can be comforting during minor procedures.
D
Non-nutritive sucking and swaddling during a painful procedure can help the infant remain calm and conserve energy. Extremely premature infants do in fact experience pain sensations as others do. Nerve development occurs early during gestation. Pain responses vary among individuals, just as they do throughout life. Opioids (especially morphine sulfate) are the drugs of choice for neonatal and infant pain. But as with administering opioids to any client, the nurse must be cognizant of the individual's respiratory status.
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In caring for the patient who is HIV positive, the nurse should:
a. wear gown, gloves, and mask at all times. b. limit visitors. c. monitor intake of salt. d. use Standard Precautions.
When comparing community-based nursing with nursing in the acute care setting to a group of nursing students, the nurse describes the challenges associated with community-based nursing. Which of the following would the nurse include?
A) Increased time available for education B) Improved access to resources C) Decision making in isolation D) Greater environmental structure
An authentic leadership style can only be identified by others and consists of which of the following characteristics?
A. Authoritative and confident B. Democratic and autonomous C. Sincere and honest D. Visionary and authoritative
When evaluating a patient, the nurse observes an unexpected outcome of treatment when the surrounding skin of an ulcer becomes macerated. The nurse should:
a. obtain a wound culture. b. apply pressure-reducing devices. c. use dressings with increased moisture absorption. d. monitor the patient for systemic signs and symptoms.