The nurse is reviewing assessment data for several patients who are suspected of exposure to HIV. Which patients demonstrate findings consistent with HIV exposure?
1. Patients A and C
2. Patient A only
3. Patients B and D
4. Patient C only
Correct Answer: 2
Patient A's ELISA and Western Blot + tests were positive. ELISA and Western Blot + is indicative of seroconversion for HIV. A slight decrease in CD4 may also be present at this time. Most patients develop an acute mononucleosis-type illness within days to weeks after contracting the virus. Typical manifestations include fever, sore throat, arthralgias and myalgias, headache, and rash. The other patients' ELISA and Western Blot + tests were negative.
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Domains are broad units of cultural knowledge that encompass smaller categories
A) True B) False
Which nursing instruction is most important to stress when teaching on calcium intake?
A) Eat green, leafy vegetables. B) Drink calcium- and vitamin D–fortified orange juice. C) Provide age-related calcium intake recommendations. D) Maintain diary sources of calcium intake.
A patient questions the use of lidocaine with epinephrine for repair of a laceration, stating, "I thought that was the drug they use in intensive care for patients with heart trouble. They gave it to my dad when he was a patient
" Select the nurse's best response. a. "This drug comes in several forms. The form used in the repair of your laceration is designed to act locally." b. "Systemic absorption of lidocaine is promoted by epinephrine, so the anesthetic effects occur more quickly." c. "It's good you were alert to the events. A medication error occurred, and we will monitor the effects on your heart." d. "Epinephrine is absorbed more quickly than lidocaine, so the anesthetic effect wears off fast once the laceration is sutured."
How are viral infections different from bacterial infections?
a. Bacterial infections can be spread from one person to another, whereas viral infections cannot be spread directly. b. Bacterial infections can be cured by treatment with some anti-infective drugs, whereas viral infections are not cured by anti-infective therapy. c. Viruses only cause disease in a person who is immunocompromised, whereas bacteria can cause disease even among immunocompetent people. d. Viruses are the less mature form of a bacterium, so there is essentially no difference between viral infections and bacterial infections.