An important danger of the various types of research bias discussed in Chapter 2 is that they lead us:
A) to become anxious or depressed about our place in the world.
B) to draw incorrect conclusions and then become convinced that they are accurate.
C) to doubt our intuition and gut feelings in important real-life circumstances.
D) to underestimate our general levels of cognitive abilities and skills.
Answer: B
Rationale: Both researchers and participants can be affected by bias. If procedures are not used to reduce its impact, biases can alter the results of an experiment and lead researchers to draw incorrect conclusions.
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Therapist Charlotte Maley is a behaviorist. She is most likely to suggests that depression is
a. due to unresolved unconscious conflicts. b. the result of losses or shortfalls in reinforcement levels. c. a matter of how people interpret events. d. genetic in origin but influenced by early trauma. e. the result of interruptions of one's sense of self-actualization.
Different experimenters observe the world in different ways. This is referred to as:
a. ecological validity. b. contextual bias. c. the personal equation. d. biased interaction.
Which of the following is reported as a negative correlation?
a. intelligence and academic achievement c. studying and academic achievement b. stress and health d. studying and GPA
It is impossible to get 20 pluses out of 20 pairs of scores in a replicated measures design due to chance alone
Indicate whether the statement is true or false