The anchoring effect and confirmation bias are two types of bias experienced by clinicians. Describe both in detail.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: The anchoring effect refers to a bias that occurs when a therapist’s first impression about the nature of a client’s problem artificially constricts the therapist’s subsequent assessments. Confirmation bias refers to a process in which people seek out information that confirms their initial assessments and ignore relevant information that disconfirms their assessments. Given the existence of a tentative hunch about the nature of a client’s problem, confirmation bias is the tendency to be more likely to try to confirm the hunch rather than try to disconfirm it. This bias channels the clinician’s attention and perception, causing the clinician to selectively focus on evidence that is likely to confirm the initial diagnosis. Confirmation bias not only points a clinician’s attention in a certain direction but also colors the interpretation of information that does not fit the first impression.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Biases in Clinical Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Medium
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