Which patient seen by the nurse in the outpatient clinic is most likely to require teaching about ways to reduce risk for osteoarthritis (OA)?
a. A 38-year-old man who plays on a summer softball team
b. A 56-year-old man who is a member of a construction crew
c. A 56-year-old woman who works on an automotive assembly line
d. A 49-year-old woman who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
ANS: C
OA is more likely to occur in women as a result of estrogen reduction at menopause and in individuals whose work involves repetitive movements and lifting. Moderate exercise, such as softball, reduces risk for OA. Diabetes is not a risk factor for OA. Working on a construction crew would involve nonrepetitive work and thus would not be as risky.
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A patient is diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Which medication does the nurse expect the provider to order for this patient?
a. Cimetidine [Tagamet] b. Esomeprazole [Nexium] c. Ranitidine [Zantac] d. Sucralfate [Carafate]
A patient is brought to the emergency department with suspected alcohol overdose. Which indicator should be used to support this conclusion?
a. Smell of alcohol on the breath b. Report of the significant other c. Blood alcohol level d. Pupillary constriction
The patient assessment reveals absence of the fovea centralis. The next examination that may be anticipated by the nurse would be:
1. inspection of the red reflex. 2. inspection of the retina. 3. inspection of the macula. 4. inspection of the optic disc.
A patient with sickle cell disease tells the nurse that she knows when the disease is going to flare because she has pain in her arms and legs. The nurse realizes this symptom is due to
1. obstructed blood flow in the small capillaries caused by the shape of the red blood cell. 2. blood loss. 3. a history of having malaria. 4. the spleen destroying the malformed red blood cells.