Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

Question

1. An example of a self-fulfilling prophecy is a server who expects some poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers, who therefore gives them poor service, and so gets the result he expected—a much lower tip than usual.
2. Investors who are more likely to buy a stock if they see something about it in the news or if it has a high one-day return provide an example of the recency effect.
3. The glass ceiling is a concept that applies to women, but not to minorities.
4. Your supervisor says the company needs you to stay late to meet an important deadline, but your family expects you to be present for your child's birthday party. You are experiencing role overload.

Answer 1

1. TRUE
The self-fulfilling prophecy, also known as the Pygmalion effect, describes the phenomenon in which people's expectations of themselves or others lead them to behave in ways that make those expectations come true. Expectations are important. An example is a server who expects some poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers, who therefore gives them poor service and so gets the result he or she expected—a much lower tip than usual.
2. TRUE
The recency effect is the tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information. Investors who are more likely to buy a stock if they see something about it in the news or if it has a high one-day return provide an example of the recency effect.
3. FALSE
The glass ceiling is the metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs.
4. FALSE
This is role conflict, not role overload. Role conflict occurs when one feels torn by the different expectations of important people in one's life. Example: Your supervisor says the company needs you to stay late to meet an important deadline, but your family expects you to be present for your child's birthday party.