What are the four fundamental forces in the Universe and how did they affect the first steps of the big bang and the inflation of the Universe?
What will be an ideal response?
The four fundamental forces in the Universe are gravitation, electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force.
At the instant of the big bang, all four forces were joined into a single unified force. During the very first stages of the big bang, they began to split. Gravity split away from the other three forces first. The strong nuclear force then separated from the electroweak force. Finally the electroweak force split into the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces.
When the strong and the electroweak forces split, a huge amount of energy was released. This energy inflated the Universe by an immense amount, and helps explain several aspects of the inflationary hypothesis.
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