Scientific observation is based on the
a. gathering of introspective data.
b. utilization of personal, subjective data.
c. utilization of common sense theories and everyday personal experiences.
d. gathering of empirical evidence.
d
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Our perception of the brightness of a color is affected mainly by
a. the wavelength of light waves. b. the amplitude of light waves. c. the purity of light waves. d. the saturation of light waves.
Which of the following statements is true of the effect of optimism on cognitive functioning?
a. Optimism alone influences cognitive functioning. c. Pessimists are more often inflexible, rigid, and likely to give up pursuing their goals. b. Pessimists are more likely to pay attention to both positive and negative stimuli equally. d. Optimists are more likely to pay attention to only positive stimuli and to ignore negative stimuli.
When Martina swims laps by herself, she swims a 50 meter sprint in 31 seconds. When she swims in a race with other people, Martina can usually swim the same distance in only 30 seconds. Martina's performance illustrates
a. social inhibition. b. social facilitation. c. social loafing. d. groupthink.
In general, the first information we receive about a person has greater influence than later information. This is called:
a. first impressions. b. recency effect. c. hedonic decision. d. the primacy effect.