Which statement best describes internal validity?
a) The extent to which extraneous variables have been controlled
b) The generalizability of the results
c) The consistency of measurement
d) A basis for drawing conclusions about presumed effects and relationships
A
You might also like to view...
The viewpoint of direct perception was championed by ____
a. John Watson b. Johanes Ponzo c. Irvin Rock d. James Gibson
Using Adobe technology, you can create and edit PDF files that are _____.
A. formatted to be used in research B. formatted to be used in social networking C. formatted to fit your computer screen D. formatted as they would appear if they were published
Bill's behaviors in Ms. Kennedy's class are really distracting to other students. For example, he whispers to the boy beside him when Ms. Kennedy is giving directions on how to do any assignment. He flings paper clips at a girl across the room. He makes strange grunting noises that a few classmates find amusing. Ms. Kennedy glares at him or admonishes him whenever he behaves in a distracting way,
yet his inappropriate behaviors are increasing rather than decreasing. Which one of the following interpretations of this situation best explains why Bill's behaviors are increasing? a. Ms. Kennedy is positively reinforcing him for the distracting behaviors. b. Ms. Kennedy is negatively reinforcing him for the distracting behaviors. c. Ms. Kennedy is vicariously reinforcing him for the distracting behaviors. d. Ms. Kennedy is punishing him for the distracting behaviors.
One significant way in which high-stakes testing and classroom assessment differ is that classroom assessment usually:
a) is based upon national norms b) includes only oral presentations c) can be conducted by a paraprofessional d) provides more information for making daily instructional decisions