Researcher Herbert Benson believes that the core of meditation is the
a. mantra used.
b. relaxation response.
c. basic suggestion effect.
d. disinhibiting effects of the meditation label.
ANSWER: b
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Research suggests that being a “night owl” versus being an “early bird” is ____
a. ?influenced by environment only b. ?influenced by genetics only c. ?influenced by genetics and environment d. ?an artificial distinction since there is no such thing as a “night owl” or “early bird”
A basic need such as food may be used as a ______ reinforcer, whereas a stimulus whose value must be learned is a ______ reinforcer
a. primary; continuous b. secondary; shaping c. primary; secondary d. continuous; secondary
A response that takes place in an organism whenever an unconditioned stimulus occurs is a(n) ________
a. discriminative response b. conditioned response c. vicarious response d. unconditioned response
The best description of the current status of deinstitutionalization is that ________
a. despite initial problems, it has become a critically acclaimed success b. despite an initial period of optimism, the policy has now run into serious problems because of a lack of adequate follow-up care c. although it has enjoyed some success, it has failed largely because of the ease with which patients can be readmitted for short-term stays in hospitals d. it has succeeded mainly because of the efforts of large medical insurers to support the policy