A patient has been instructed in self-administration of insulin injections. The nurse observes the patient attempting to recap the needle and realizes that further teaching is needed
The nurse is applying which critical-thinking skill of the nursing process?
a.
Interpretation
b.
Analysis
c.
Inference
d.
Evaluation
ANS: D
Nurses use critical-thinking skills to guide decision making and to solve problems. The scientific method, one approach to problem resolution, is systematic, logical, and based on data collection and hypothesis testing. The steps include (1) identification of the problem, (2) definition or clarification of the problem, (3) statement of the problem, (4) determination of criteria for evaluation, (5) data collection, (6) generation of solutions, and (7) hypothesis testing. Interpretation is used to understand and explain the meaning of data. Analysis includes investigating plans of action on the basis of examination of subjective and objective data. Evaluation occurs when information, including the reliability, credibility, and bias of the source, is assessed. Nurses also evaluate when determining whether the desired outcome for an intervention was achieved. Recapping the needle is not part of the desired outcome. Inference leads to accurate conclusions that are based on sound reasoning.
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