Which research report title suggests that theory was generated as the outcome of the study, rather than being used as the framework for the study?
a. Women's experiences of undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (Banner, D., et al., 2011)
b. Couple functioning and post-traumatic stress symptoms in U.S. army couples: The role of resilience (Melvin, K.C., et al., 2011)
c. A randomized, clinical trial of education or motivational-interviewing-based coaching compared to usual care to improve cancer pain management (Thomas, M.L., et al., 2012)
d. A predictive and moderating model of psychosocial resilience in adolescents (Tusaie, K., et al., 2007)
ANS: A
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A The study of women's experiences of a specific cardiac surgical procedure suggests a qualitative research study and the generation of a situation-specific theory or model.
B The title suggests the use of several models or middle-range theories (resilience, post-traumatic stress disorder) as a framework to study couple functioning.
C The title describes a quantitative study regarding the effect on cancer pain management (dependent variable) of two approaches—educational coaching versus standard care (independent variables). Thus the implied theoretical framework has to do with motivational-interviewing-based coaching.
D The title suggests use of the theoretical framework of stress, coping, and resilience as applied to adolescents.
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