The textbook describes four models of the impact of personality on health. Compare and contrast two of these models
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: The student has four models to draw from. They are:
- Health behavior models,, in which individuals high in awareness or internal locus of control adopt a healthier lifestyle.
- Transactional stress moderation models in which individual traits affect health. Individuals low in sensation seeking or Neuroticism will behave in a healthier manner and take fewer risks with their health.
- Constitutional predisposition models, in which underlying genetic factors influence both personality and disease. Biological or genetic factors may what cause both psychological and physical disorders.
- Interactional stress moderation models suggest that personality characteristics modify physiological responses by reducing or increasing them. For example there is evidence that optimism increases immune system effectiveness.
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Participant-Observer research is most appropriate when:
a. little is known about the group b. studying a group that is isolated from the population c. the group's behavior is generally not accessible to public scrutiny d. all of these
The _________ forms the boundary between the outer and middle ear, whereas the _________ forms the boundary between the middle and inner ear
a. tympanic membrane; oval window b. oval window; tympanic membrane c. round window; oval window d. oval window; round window
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
Currently, there is no neuroscience technique that can definitively diagnose a given individual with a particular mental disorder.
In a study described in the textbook, participants memorized either the word reckless or the word adventurous before reading an ambiguous passage about Donald in which he was described as engaging in a number of recreational activities
(e.g., driving in a demolition derby, white-water rafting) in which he had risked injury and even death. This method was used to study the concept of a. priming. b. attribution formation. c. representativeness. d. counterfactual thinking.