In a three-term contingency of differential conditioning, the reinforcer will occur
a. only if the discriminative stimulus occurs subsequent to the response.
b. only if the response has occurred.
c. whether the discriminative stimulus occurs or not.
d. whether the response has occurred or not.
e. less frequently in the presence of the discriminative stimulus.
b. only if the response has occurred.
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Which of the following approaches has focused on the way people learn from watching role models?
A. Psychoanalytic approach B. Behavioral/social learning approach C. Biological approach D. Cognitive approach
According to Freud, guilt is most closely associated with
A. reality anxiety. B. neurotic anxiety. C. moral anxiety. D. performance anxiety.
Discuss current trends in alcohol use by adolescents and emerging adults and describe the consequences of drinking.
What will be an ideal response?
Serious violations of one or more of the assumptions underlying parametric inferential tests:
A. affect Type I error rates but not Type II error rates. B. will lead one to commit a Type I error either more or less often than the stated alpha probability. C. affect Type II error rates but not Type I error rates. D. have little effect on the validity of a statistic.